Frederick James William Creed (died 1917)

In 1827, Englishman John Walker invented the first friction match, which he named Lucifer. The match consisted of a wooden stick coated with sulphur and tipped with a mixture of sulphide of antimony, chlorate of potash, and gum. A box of 50 matches was one shilling and came with folded sandpaper to use to strike a match.

In 1831, around July 15th, the volcanic island of Graham Island briefly emerged in the Mediterranean Sea. The island was discovered by Humphrey Fleming Senhouse, a British sea captain, on August 1st and claimed by the United Kingdom. The island still exists but is now once again underwater.

In 1870, on January 26th, the state of Virginia rejoined the Union. On February 23rd, Mississippi was readmitted to the Union. On March 30th, Texas was readmitted to the Union. And on July 15th, Georgia became the last Confederate state to be readmitted to the Union.

In 1900, the unemployment rate in the U.S. was 5.0% and the cost of a first-class stamp was $0.02. 31% of all workers were employed in the public service sector, 19% of women were employed (1 percent of all lawyers and 6 percent of physicians were women), 6% of the workforce were children, and 14% of the workforce was "non-white."

In 1917, in the year of Frederick James William Creed's passing, Russian government offices were seized and the Romanov's Winter Palace was stormed in the Russian February and October Revolutions. The February revolution resulted in the abdication of Tsar Nicholas and a coalition of the Parliament and workers parties taking control of the government. The October revolution resulted in Lenin and the Bolsheviks taking complete control.